Study of Alterations in the Concentration of Ions in the Plasma and of the Induction of Micronucleus in Piaractus mesopotamicus Exposed to the Herbicide Atrazine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5132/jbse.2006.01.006Palabras clave:
micronucleus, herbicide, plasma ions, Piaractus mesopotamicusResumen
The pollution of the aquatic ecosystem has been increasing in the last years, mainly due to the industrial and agricultural development. The Atrazine pesticide is an important agent pollutant and it can harm the development and reproduction of several species of fish due to its toxicity. Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu) is one of the species thoroughly comercialized and used in fish farms. The present study analyzed possible modifications in the concentration of ions in the plasma (Na+, Cl–, K+, Ca2+), in the blood pH and in the micronucleus frequency in pacu erythrocytes (N = 10 for group; Wt: 160.0 ± 5 g) exposed to the Atrazine herbicide (0.1 mg/L) during 96 hours in semi-static system. Samples of blood were collected, with aid of syringes heparinized, being centrifuged later and/or made smears for subsequent analysis of the micronucleus. The obtained plasma was used for the determinations of ions in the plasma. Cytological analyses showed significant differences (p < 0.0001) in the micronucleus frequency among the control group which was exposed to the atrazine herbicide. The blood pH stayed constant, but the ions concentration in the plasma Na+ and Cl– was, in relation to the control, significantly reduced (p < 0.05). The tested concentration of the herbicide probably provoked disturbances in the acid-base ionic balance and it can also be considered a clastogenic and poisonous product.
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