Biochemical, Morphological and Behavioural Biomarkers Responses of Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio, Exposed to Environmental Samples
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5132/eec.2013.01.006Keywords:
Lujan River, Cyprinus carpio, brain acetilcholinesterase, Swimming Activity Index, Scanning Electron MicroscopyAbstract
Ecotoxicological quality from Luján river water in three sites with different degree of stress, through semi-static bioassay using the commom carp Cyprinus carpio as test organism was characterized. A computer based-data acquisition system daily registered the spatial location of the fishes during the control period (freshwater) and the exposition period (river water), and the Relative Activity Index was calculated (Ai). The Condition Factor (CF) was calculated and CF and Acetilcholinesterase activity (AChE) and total protein content were measured in brain. The morphology of the gills was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In sampling water conductivity, pH, hardness, dissolved oxygen, nitrates, chlorides, total solids and heavy metals were measured. It was observed in individuals exposed to environmental samples: a) Ai and AChE increased significatively, b) SEM revealed cellular hypertrophy and slight melting of secondary lamellae in individuals. In some cases, metals exceeded the maximum permitted quantities for protection of aquatic life. In all river samples a complex mixture of heavy metals and some anions and cations was observed, which produced sublethal effects in the organisms, revealed by the biomarkers responses.
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